How Does A File Download?
When you download a file, it is broken into many packets of data before it is sent over the internet to your computer, where it is then reassembled. Each packet of data that your computer receives needs to be accepted in a certain order and a certain size before the file you are downloading can be "put back together". Although these packets of data are sent out in the correct order, sometimes the packets can take different paths and arrive out of order or get lost altogether.
Here are the main components of this process:
MTU stands for Maximum Transfer Unit, which is simply a set value whereby file download packets are sent to your PC and reassembled.
RWIN - stands for Receive WINdow. This is a holding area, that your computer uses to sort the packets of data received.
TTL - stands for Time To Live. Packets of data are set with an "expiration date" and will be discarded after a certain amount of time. After a packet is discarded, your computer will have to request the missing packet again from the originator.
When setting your MTU too high, other PC’s might not be able to handle file transfers as efficiently, slowing down the data transfer process. If you set the MTU too low, your Internet and file downloads in general may suffer as a result of unbalanced value percentages. In other words, the files needed to open up that picture your grandma sent you may not have priority over a large file header or other unimportant information slowing down the download process.
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